Suchergebnisse

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to examine whether economic sanctions contribute to influencing the target countries' protectionist policies in the agricultural sector. Using pooled mean group estimations in a dynamic heterogeneous panel setting, we find robust empirical evidence that, in the long‐run, economic sanctions decrease agricultural protection in the target counties, and this effect is mitigated by the wealth of the target's economy. However, the relationship is insignificant in the short run. Furthermore, our results also suggest that the impact of sanctions on agricultural protection (a) increases with the severity of economic sanctions, (b) is greater for multilateral sanctions than unilateral sanctions, and (c) is more severe on agricultural protection when sanctions span a longer duration.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of employees' perceptions of high-performance work systems (HPWS) on unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB), and explores the mediating role of psychological ownership and the moderating role of moral identity.


Design/methodology/approach
The hypotheses were tested by using two-wave survey data that were collected from 306 employees in Chinese enterprises.


Findings
This study found that HPWS were positively related to UPB, and psychological ownership partially mediated this relationship. Results also revealed that moral identity negatively moderated the relationship between psychological ownership and UPB, and the indirect effect of HPWS on UPB via psychological ownership was weaker for employees high in moral identity.


Research limitations/implications
The generalizability of the findings is limited, and the cross-sectional data cannot draw any clear causal inference among variables.


Practical implications
Managers should pay attention to the "dark side" of HPWS and incorporate ethics in the HPWS. Moreover, organizations should provide correct guidance for their pro-organizational behaviors to avoid employees doing bad things for good reasons.


Originality/value
This study first extends HPWS research to employee's UPB, uncovers employees' psychological ownership toward organizations as the pivotal mechanism underlying this relationship, and indicated moral identity can regulate employees unethical behavior.

The phenomenon of entrepreneurship has driven much of the attention of academics, practitioners and policy makers. A correct and deep understanding of all the different conditions affecting entrepreneurship rates will advance in the establishment of useful measures that increase entrepreneurial success. The vast majority of the literature on the effect of institutional quality on entrepreneurship has been investigated based on average effects. However, how the impact of institutional quality on the level of entrepreneurship varies with the conditional distribution of entrepreneurship is still poorly understood. The present study attempts to fill the research gaps in this field. In order to examine the impact of institutional quality on entrepreneurship at different entrepreneurship levels, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis approach is employed. Results show that entrepreneurial success is determined by the combination of the following conditions of institutional quality: voice accountability, political stability, regulatory quality and rule of law. Implications and future research directions are discussed. It would be interesting to analyze in future studies the motivation to become an entrepreneur, both theoretically and empirically, differentiating between opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship.